摘 要

大数据、云计算、人工智能以及物联网等新型信息技术的出现，使得物流技术得以飞速发展，同时也推动了智慧物流服务体系的构建和完善。但是，在智慧物流运输安全方面，仍然存在问题。智慧物流运输过程中由于交通事故、人身安全等突发状况，可能会需要车辆或驾驶人员进行远程呼救，但是在一些特殊道路环境下，如地下车库、城市峡谷、隧道等，手机信号难以进行覆盖，同时车辆也无法使用基于GPS/GPRS的车载紧急呼救系统进行呼救，车辆事故的紧急呼救信息也就无法发送至物流运营管理中心。针对这一特殊情况，本文通过对国内外的车载紧急呼救系统进行大量研究分析，提出了一种基于智慧物流的车载紧急呼救系统设计来解决物流车辆在特殊道路环境下无法实现紧急呼救信号的发送问题，实现车辆在特殊道路环境下呼救信号的可靠传输，从而减少运输安全问题。

为了设计出更加全面安全的车载紧急呼救系统，特对上述问题进行分析，其主要存在的问题是在手机信号和卫星信号丢失的情况下，车辆救援信息无法发送以及车辆无法进行位置的精确定位。通过对这两个主要问题的研究，提出了基于智慧物流的车载紧急呼救系统，该系统设计的出发点是以物流运输车辆为主，通过各大物流企业遍布在全国的物流节点，形成物流车辆救援中心，来确保物流车辆的紧急救援覆盖范围。该系统主要工作原理是通过车辆自组织网络实现呼救信号的发送以及通过车辆协同合作、信息共享实现车辆定位，最后利用邻居车辆对呼救信息的“携带-转发”，将呼救信息传送到救援中心，从而实现物流运输车辆的紧急救援。

本文将会详细的向大家介绍，车载自组织网络救援信息传递和运输车辆间通过车辆广播进行数据交互来实现运输车辆的协同定位的原理和方法，并通过MATLAB仿真系统设计出车辆信息传递过程中，事故车辆进行信息转发车辆快速筛选出的算法设计，并对该算法进行数据测试。最后，为了保证紧急呼救信息能够被运营中心的终端设备实时接收呼救信息，特对事故车辆信息接收终端紧急救援系统进行终端设计，来确保在事故车辆的呼救信息发送后，事故车辆能够得到紧急救援中心的及时救援，从而在救援时间上去保证事故人员的生命安全。

本文将通过对国内外车载紧急呼救系统的研究，分析出物流车辆关于车载紧急呼救系统所需要的功能需求，设计出专属于物流车队的车载紧急呼救系统。该系统不仅能够对事故车辆进行救援，还能够加强物流企业对运输车辆的管理能力和提高运输车辆在运输过程中的运输安全，并且能够促进智慧物流系统的建立和完善。

关键词：智慧物流；运输安全；紧急呼救系统；车载自组织网络

Design of Vehicle Emergency Call System Based on Intelligent Logistics

ABSTRACT

The emergence of new information technologies, such as big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, makes logistics technology develop rapidly, and also promotes the construction and improvement of intelligent logistics service system. However, there are still problems in the safety of intelligent logistics transportation. In the process of intelligent logistics transportation, because of traffic accidents, personal safety and other emergencies, vehicles or drivers may need to call for help remotely. However, in some special road environments, such as underground garage, urban canyons, tunnels and so on, mobile phone signals are difficult to cover. At the same time, vehicles can not use the vehicle emergency call system based on GPS/GPRS to call for help. The emergency call information can not be sent to the logistics operation management center. In view of this special situation, through a lot of research and Analysis on the domestic and foreign vehicle emergency call and rescue system, this paper proposes a vehicle emergency call and rescue system based on intelligent logistics to solve the problem that logistics vehicles can not send emergency call and rescue signals in special road environment, and to achieve reliable transmission of vehicle call and rescue signals in special road environment, thus reducing transportation. Security issues.

In order to design a more comprehensive and safe vehicle emergency call and rescue system, the above problems are analyzed. The main problems are that when mobile phone and satellite signals are lost, the vehicle rescue information can not be sent and the vehicle can not locate accurately. Through the study of these two main problems, this paper puts forward an on-board emergency call and rescue system based on Intelligent logistics. The starting point of the system design is mainly logistics transport vehicles. Through the major logistics enterprises throughout the country's logistics nodes, logistics vehicle rescue centers are formed to ensure the emergency rescue coverage of logistics vehicles. The main working principle of the system is to send the call signal through the vehicle self-organizing network, and to locate the vehicle through the vehicle cooperation and information sharing. Finally, the call information is transmitted to the rescue center by the neighbor vehicle carrying-forwarding the call information, so as to realize the emergency rescue of logistics transportation vehicles.

This paper will introduce to you in detail the principle and method of cooperative positioning of transport vehicles through vehicle broadcasting and rescue information transmission in vehicular self-organizing network. In the process of vehicle information transmission, the algorithm design of rapid screening of vehicles for information forwarding in accident is designed by MATLAB simulation system, and the number of the algorithm is counted. According to the test. Finally, in order to ensure that the emergency call and rescue information can be received in real time by the terminal equipment of the operation center, the terminal design of the emergency rescue system of the accident vehicle information receiving terminal is carried out to ensure that the accident vehicle can get timely rescue from the emergency rescue center after the accident vehicle's call and rescue information is sent, so as to ensure the life safety of the accident personnel in the rescue time.

In this paper, through the study of domestic and foreign vehicle emergency call and rescue system, we analyze the functional requirements of the logistics vehicle on the vehicle emergency call and rescue system, and design the vehicle emergency call and rescue system which belongs to the logistics fleet. The system can not only rescue accident vehicles, but also strengthen the management ability of logistics enterprises to transport vehicles and improve the transport safety of transport vehicles in the transport process, and can promote the establishment and improvement of intelligent logistics system.

Key words：Intelligent logistics；Transportation safety；Emergency Call System；VANET

目 录